Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances - Acute Diarrhea Care Plan

Acute diarrhea is a bowel movement with a frequency of more than 3 times per day, with liquid stool consistency, is suddenly and lasts less than 7 days in infants and in previously healthy children.

Etiology

• Acute diarrhea in distinguishing 2 are:
• Acute watery diarrhea without blood.
• Acute diarrhea with blood (in the form of acute diarrhea dysentery).

Cause

• Infections factors: viruses (rotavirus, adenovirus, enterovirus), bacteria (shigella, salmonella, E. coli), parasites (worms), candida (candida albicons).
• Parental factors: infection in other body parts.
• Immunodeficiency factors .
• Malabsorption factors: carbohydrates, proteins, fats.
• Dietary factors: stale food, toxic, too much fat, cooked vegetables undercooked.
• Psychological factors: fear, anxiety.

Examination

Feces examination
Macroscopic and microscopic germs to search for and test resistance to various antibiotics (on persistent diarrhea).

Blood examination
Complete peripheral blood, blood gases and electrolytes.
Examination of blood urea and creatinine levels to determine kidney function.
Daudinal Intibatian
To find out the germs that cause quantitatively and qualitatively, especially in chronic diarrhea.


Nursing Diagnosis for Diarrhea : Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances related to excessive loss through feces and vomit and limited intake.

Goal: fluid and electrolyte balance.

Outcomes:

• Normal bowel movements (1-2 times daily).
• Mucosa of the mouth and lips moist.
• Client's condition improved.
• Not sunken eyes and fontanel.
• Good skin turgor (back in 2 seconds).

Intervention:
1. Give oral and parenteral fluids in accordance with rehydration program.
Rationale: In an effort rehydration to replace the fluid that comes out with the stool.

2. Monitor intake and output.
Rationale: Provide status information to establish the fluid balance fluid needs replacement.

3. Suggest to much to drink.
Rationale: Replacing body fluids.

4. Assess vital signs, signs / symptoms of dehydration and laboratory test results.
Rationale: Assessing hydration status, electrolyte and acid-base balance.

5. Collaborative execution of definitive therapy
Rationale: The provision of medicines known to causally important after diarrhea.