3 Nursing Diagnosis for Epistaxis with Interventions and Rational

Nursing Diagnosis

1. Risk for Bleeding

Goal: minimize bleeding

Expected Outomes: No bleeding, vital signs within normal limits, no anemis.

Interventions:

• Monitor the patient's general condition
• Monitor vital signs
• Monitor the amount of bleeding patients
• Monitor the event of anemia
• Collaboration with the doctor about the problems that occur with bleeding: transfusion, medication.

(Diagnosis NANDA, NIC, NOC)


2. Ineffective airway clearance

Goal: to be effective airway clearance

Expected Outcomes: Frequency of normal breathing, no additional breath sounds, do not use additional respiratory muscles, dyspnoea and cyanosis does not occur.

Independent

• Assess the sound or the depth of breathing and chest movement.
  Rational: Decreased breath sounds may lead to atelectasis, Ronchi, and wheezing showed accumulation of secretions.
• Note the ability to remove mucous / coughing effectively
  Rational: bright lumpy or bloody sputum may result from damage to lungs or bronchial injury.
• Give Fowler's or semi-Fowler position.
  Rational: Positioning helps maximize lung expansion and reduce respiratory effort.
• Clean secretions from the mouth and trachea
  Rational: To prevent obstruction / aspiration.
• Maintain a fluid inclusion at least as much as 250 ml / day unless contraindicated.
  Rational: Helping dilution of secretions.

Collaboration

• Give medication in accordance with the indications mucolytic, expectorant, bronchodilator.
  Rational: Mucolytic to reduce cough, expectorant to help mobilize secretions, bronchodilators reduce bronchial spasms and analgesics are given to reduce discomfort.

3. Acute pain

Goal: pain diminished or disappeared

Expected Outcomes:

• Clients express the pain diminished or disappeared
• Clients do not grimace in pain

Interventions:

• Assess client's level of pain
  Rational: Knowing the client's level of pain in determining further action.
• Explain the causes and consequences of pain to the client and his family.
  Rational: The causes and consequences of pain the client is expected to participate in treatment to reduce pain.
• Teach relaxation and distraction techniques.
  Rational: The client knows the distraction, and relaxation techniques can be practiced so as if in pain.
• Observation of vital signs and client complaints.
  Rational: Knowing the prevailing circumstances and conditions of client development.